Extreme Couponers Essay

1. Look at the examples of extreme behaviors described in the article, then go online and find one more example of extreme consumers. Describe it in detail and discuss how you would deal with these consumers if you were a marketer for the company whose product(s) these extreme consumers are infatuated with. 2. Why do you think so many managers actively avoid or are wary of extreme consumers?  Another example of an extreme consumer is the shopper who radically values savings, specifically those achieved through the use of couponing. You may have heard about them from the television, or even waited in line behind one at the grocery store. These are people who go to extremes to save money by spending copious amounts of time clipping coupons from paper media advertisements. Often manufacturers will promote their goods by offering a limited discount if you redeem one of the coupons they have distributed through their marketing channels. It has even become something of a fad with television shows such as â€Å"Extreme Couponing,† which highlights some of these super-savvy consumers. As a marketer for one of these companies distributing these savings, I would embrace the shopper who takes the time to search for deals by offering more savings for continued purchases or even higher quantity orders. Even with a reduced profit margin, the company will see increased revenues through number of units sold. Managers may actively or even passively avoid some of these extreme consumers because they are intimidated by their product knowledge or they just don’t want to dedicate a larger portion of time to someone who has an obvious infatuation. They may dismiss these people as crazy or neurotic and simply not devote any part of their day to minding them. It would be better to encourage them and consequently heightening the consumer’s already loyal tendencies.

A Child Called “It”: One Child’s Courage to Survive

A Child called It is an unforgettable story of the author, Dave Pelzer?  ¦s childhood. He was a survivor of the third worst case of child-abuse†¦ Premium a Child Called It Review It David Pelzer's A Child Called It, is so good. It is based on a true story of his life. Everything that happened in this book happened to him in real†¦ Premium Book Report On The Perfect Storm Book Report on The Perfect Storm by Sebastian Junger The fishing port of Gloucester, Massachusetts, just north of Boston, is one of the oldest fishing ports in†¦ Premium Child Called â€Å"It†- Characters: Heather Fonte Ms. Butterfield – 59704 A Child Called â€Å"It† by Dave Pelzer Setting: The setting takes place in March of 1973 in Daly City, California†¦ Premium a Child Called â€Å"It†: One Child's Courage To Survive By Dave Pelzer Child Called â€Å"It†: One Child's Courage to Survive by Dave Pelzer David J. Pelzer's mother, Catherine Roerva, was, he writ es in this ghastly, fascinating memoir, a†¦ Premium a Child Called It By â€Å"Dave Pelzer† Child Called It by Dave Pelzer is an intriguing journey through the torturing childhood of the author himself.The title relates to the book because his mother calls†¦ Premium a Child Called It Essay by David Pelzer. It was published by Health Communications, Inc in 1995. The book is 184 pages. A Child Called It is a memoir of David Pelzer, who experienced one†¦ Premium Book Report On Sun Tzu: Art Of War And Management a few of the principles and concepts which are later expounded in this book report. The objective of this book review is to highlight the concepts and principles†¦ Premium Joshua By Joseph f. Girzone – a Book Report JOSHUA by Joseph F.Girzone A Book Report ABOUT THE AUTHOR Joseph Francis Girzone is a priest. Advised by his doctor to withdraw from administrative work, he†¦ Premium a Child Called It got its title and that's what interested me in reading this book. A Child Called ‘It', by Dave Pelzer, is a life-changing story about, a young boy who is starved†¦ Premium a Critical Book Report In As i Lay Dying Critical Book Report in As I Lay Dying As I Lay Dying is a novel written by William Faulkner in 1930. William Cuthbert Faulkner was born on September 25, 1897†¦ PremiumBook Report For Todd Buchholz’s â€Å"New Ideas From Dead Economists Book report for Todd Buchholzs New Ideas from Dead Economists This was a great read! Not only was it very informing on past and present economic thought, but it†¦ Premium a Child Called It: Author David Pelzer Author David Pelzers first book, A Child Called It, details his early years of child abuse that he received at the hands of his downright evil mother. Pelzer†¦ Premium Tony Dungy Book Report Practices, ; Priorities of a Winning Life Author: Tony Dungy A Book Report Michael Fors BUS 625/626 Dr. David†¦ Premium Child Called It – By Da ve Pelzer A Child Called It, by Dave Pelzer, is a first person narrative of a childs struggle through a traumatic abused childhood. The book begins with Dave telling us about†¦ Premium a Child Called ‘It’: One Child’s Courage To Survive Groth Dave Pelzer opens his book A Child Called It: One Childs Courage to Survive with the statement that this book depicts the language that was developed†¦ Premium In Contempt Book Report what he went through during the Simpson case. When I got the book I approached it like most students do when they have a book report to write.I didn't want to read†¦ Premium Anne Frank Book Report Michaela Hunter June 4, 2007 LA- Book Report The Diary of Anne Frank 1. The Diary of Anne Frank is about a young Jewish girl who lived during Hitlers time in†¦ Premium a Child Called It Analysis A Child Called It Abuse David went through multiple ways of abuse. Not only was he abused physically, but verbally, emotionally and mental ly as well. Through†¦ Premium Harry Potter Book Report ENGLISH BOOK REPORT: HARRY POTTER and the Prisoner of Azkaban AUTHOR: Joanne K. Rowling TYPE of book: Fantasy story MAIN CHARACTERS: Harry Potter. He is very†¦ Premium

Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 39

Business - Essay Example It also notes how changes throughout the project will be made and effected1. AÂ  four year financial project has net cash flows of $20,000; $25,000; $30,000; and $50,000 in the next four years; it will cost $75,000 to implement the project. If the required rate of return is 0.2, conduct a discounted cash flow calculation to determine the NPV If the calculations are based on the numeric model, then Ms. Portillo can review her minutes and make a comparison with the actual figures of the financial period to ascertain everything. After which she can counter check the calculations once more after re-running to confirm the prediction accuracy of the model. Ensure a uniform technique model is used by all the managers in addition to learning on how to implement them. She should also provide auditing to ensure the figures are correct. In addition, she should also aim at reducing the chances of errors from occurring by enabling random sampling of the decisions that are

Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Critical Thinking - Essay Example She made a decision and took action as a result of the decision. She immediately reported to the HR the flaw of the system and Tanya’s behavior. In my case, I took a stand when my I saw my classmate cheating in one of our exams during middle school. Although that classmate is a neighbor, I reported it to our teacher. The issue is cheating during examinations. My classmate used a small piece of paper that contained facts about the exam. I immediately called the attention of the teacher during the examination by writing on my test paper about what I saw. There was a need to suspend judgment for a few minutes before I told the teacher since I had to be certain that she was really cheating. Nevertheless, the decision to turn her in was deliberate since it would be unfair for the rest of the class to let her cheat since we all studied for the difficult exam. My position then was purely logical, we get what we deserve so I was just being objective. My advocacy then was not about honesty, it was all about reward for hard work. My action is a consequence of my decision to not tolerate cheating during examination since we all need to study to get the grade we deserve. Tama, M.C. (1989). Critical thinking: Promoting it in the classroom. Retrieved March 4, 2010 from Indiana University, Clearinghouse on Reading, English, & Communication Web site:

Film Analysis C.P. Paper on Daniel Boone Movie Review

Film Analysis C.P. Paper on Daniel Boone - Movie Review Example Since the families in Pennsylvania depended mostly on hunting for food, at age 12 Boone acquired his own rifle and actively engaged in hunting at that point. He hunted both from the local settlers and Lenape village, which belonged to the Indians. Apart from hunting and trapping animals, Boone sold the pelts of the hunted animals in the fur market. Through these activities including exceptional hunting skills, Boone learnt easy routes to the area and to the west, which prepared him as a hunter, explorer, and scout in Kentucky. Similarly, Boone participated in the Braddock’s campaign to seize Fort Duquesne where he served in the military expedition driving a supply wagon (Foreman, 2001). Additionally, he guided the redcoats through the backwoods of Pennsylvania. These activities gave Boone familiarity with the area, which prepared him for the tasks ahead in hunting, exploring, and scouting in Kentucky. In the wilderness, Boone and the long hunters used their hunting skills, as well as taming skills to penetrate the untamed wilderness and establish a pathway. Among the tools they used to clear the pathway was an axe, which the woodsmen used to cut through to create a wide trail resembling a footpath. Another tool that the long hunters had were riffle slung hang over their shoulders as they moved through the wilderness. In the process of taming Kentucky, Boone experienced personal losses, for example, loved ones. Additionally, Boone encountered several tragedies in the hands of native Indians. First, his daughter was kidnapped, but fortunately, he rescued her. Secondly, was short in the ankle by Indians, but he recovered. Thirdly, he was also captured at some point during the struggle by the Shawnee. Finally, Boone did not enjoy living in the land that he so much fought for, as he had to go settle elsewhere where he could find happiness since Kentucky became too overcrowded for him. An example of Boone’s

Macro Eco Problem SET Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Macro Eco Problem SET - Coursework Example The government hiring more police officers will bring a new service in the industry, which will translate to increase in GDP. Finally, increase in monetary transfers to the poor by the government was never accounted in the previous year hence will affect the GDP. Q9) Credits cards cannot be referred to as money. One can have a credit card but if the account has no cash, the holder cannot access cash. They cannot therefore be referred to as money hence the name plastic money. Checks on the other hand are also not money. Money can be used any time the holder wishes to do so. For checks, they can only be usable during maturity and after confirmation by the bank of their validity. Q10) By the bank keeping five percent in reserves and lending out money, the bank creates money. Through the interest rates charged to the borrower, the bank creates money. Assuming interest charged on borrowers is twelve percent, the bank will gain as shown

Data Communication and Networking Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Data Communication and Networking - Assignment Example Using this method, a computer can bypass some access controls or servers or even imitate other computers on a certain network, thus a simple way to hack into the system. A man-in-the-middle attack through DHCP, also known as DHCP spoofing occurs when an attack is initiated, and the attacker tries to make DHCP requests responses by trying to enlist as the default server. In such a case, traffic is intercepted before it is forwarded to the user gateway. BEAST: This is a hacking tool developed in Delphi that infects Windows operating systems. BEAST operates in reverse engineering mode and gets the required codes. It utilizes some ports and can terminate the operations of an antivirus or even a firewall, to gain entry into a victim. RSA is an asymmetric public key algorithm whilst DES uses cipher that is old symmetric. RSA uses two keys, a public one and a private one whilst DES uses one key that is shared. DES can handle large chunks of data, a mechanism that is slow in RSA. Both are secret keys. PGP is standardized software that utilizes the former algorithms and others for operation. PGP is thus not an algorithm per se but has to use the other algorithms but perform the same encryption function (Keith,

Demand and Factors that Determine the Demand for Rail Transport Assignment

Demand and Factors that Determine the Demand for Rail Transport Between London and Preston - Assignment Example According to the law of demand, with other factors held constant, generally, the demand decreases/increases with the increase/decrease in price of the good. This relationship between demand and price is plotted on a graph as a â€Å"demand curve† as shown in Figure 1. What factors determine the demand for rail transport between London and Preston? The demand for rail transport between London and Preston depends on the following factors: 1. Price of rail travel between London and Preston: The most important factor that determines demand of this transport is the price of rail ticket to travel between London and Preston. Travelers would compare this price of ticket to cost of using alternative transport. This is important not only for people travelling once in a while but also for frequent travelers. If there exists considerably reduced fare possibility for frequent travelers, the demand could be expected to be higher from these frequent travelers would have lower cost of travel. 2. Time taken by rail travel between London and Preston: Time taken to travel by train is another important factor. If the time taken by train is considerably longer than other means of transport, the demand may be lower for rail travel. 3. Quality of rail service between Lo ndon and Preston: The quality of service could also be an important factor. It includes not only the quality and comfort of travel by train but also other factors like the frequency of trains, on-time arrival, and the time of departure/arrival of trains. Frequency of trains is important so that if consumer(s) change their itinerary suddenly, if there are alternative trains frequently running, they would not be forced to shift to another means of transport. Next, if the trains are frequently running late, consumers may not find the rail travel very efficient. Also, if the departure and arrival times of trains are not convenient, consumers would not find rail travel very attractive. For example if trains arrive only late at night or if the trains run during the entire length of the day, consumers may be put off. 4. Attractiveness of alternative modes of travel between London and Preston: There could be several other ways consumers to travel between London and Preston. If these service s are more attractive, then demand for rail travel would be low. The attractiveness of these alternatives also depends on the relative price of these modes, relative comfort, and other factors. Some of these are discussed below for the three other possible modes of transport a. By car: Several factors could influence the attractiveness of going by car instead. These factors include: fuel price (cost of taking the car), relative length of time taken to drive compared to rail travel, and quality of highways (comfort of ride). b. By air: Factors influencing the relative attractiveness of air travel are: price of air travel, relative total time taken to get from â€Å"door to door†, and of quality air transport services. However, there is another important factor here which is the distance of nearest airport from Preston. c. By bus: Factors influencing the relative attractiveness of bus travel are: price of bus tickets, time taken by buses, and the quality of bus services. 5. Day of the week and seasonal effects: The day of the week could be an important factor. For example, if business travel is frequent on this route, then weekends may see a much lower demand. Also, Seasonal effects are likely to significantly influence demand. For example, during Christmas the demand may be

B300 Assignment 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

B300 Assignment 6 - Essay Example As organizations enter into different regions for their business needs they have to follow policies of the region. Regional peculiarities cannot be ignored in favor of centralized policy of the government. The phrase 'think globally and act locally' points to the same idea that organizations have to adapt their business policies according to the region where they have decided to go into operation. Middle East traditionally includes countries or regions in Southwest Asia and parts of North Africa. Persian Gulf is considered as the main centre the area around which is generally referred as Middle East. Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, Yemen, and Palestinian Territories are collectively known as Middle East. Multiculturalism is one important aspect of the emerging Middle East and Dubai in particular. For example, all kind of eateries and restaurants Italian, Chinese etc. can be found. Indians, Filipinos, Pakistanis, People from Arab countries and people from Western countries comprise the workforce in Dubai whether it is white collar or blue collar job. The new cultural wave of tolerance allows foreigners to spend wee hours of the night in a pub while at the same time call for five times prayers also fill the air of Dubai. Apart from Dubai, Middle East destinations like Egypt, Jordan, Israel, Morocco and Tunisia have always been known for tourist attractions. Middle East has emerged as one the fastest developing economies. Their move towards success would not have been possible if the states had not joined the global business environment and participated in economic activities. The fabric of the society is also changing as these countries are evolving in different areas of economy, culture, science and technology. Yet there are many cultural differences and nuances that managers must know when dealing internationally in this region. The region can be an attractive business venture considering the market available. Regional Factors Following important factors may need management consideration for conducting business in a particular region: Managing Politics: Political systems as well as government supervisions and regulations change when companies choose to operate in a certain region. Sometimes government officials and the general public and political activists view foreign companies as outsiders and are suspicious of their impact on economy as well as politics. This may be specifically true in certain Muslim Middle Eastern countries where mostly democracy is not in place and rules may be bent to please the government of the time. Companies have to be ware of government takeovers of property and acts of violence directed against the firm. The examples of such acts can be seen in Anti-American protests on famous American businesses. Since, such acts are not uncommon in Arab and Muslim world; companies must formulate special plans and programs against unexpected losses. Political instability, at times civil disorders and frequent changes of government are some of the common political phenomenon in the region. Political instab

Men as Contemporary Shopping Spectacles in London Essay

Men as Contemporary Shopping Spectacles in London - Essay Example London's Covent Garden market surfaces as a prime example of a shopping spectacle for men incorporating all pleasures of consumption from packaging, presentation and buying. American Classics is a store located in the area which caters only to men and their accessories in the form of international American type clothing. The layout of the store is designed to inform and incite men into consumption and also as spectacles to be gazed at. Men are emerging everywhere as hungry predators for all things aesthetic. They are even making a go for cosmetics and beauty products like never before. They even make their own choices rather than depend on their partners to do the obvious. They seem to be better informed than most women these days. Men are gradually becoming aware of their bodies and their looks which is what gives proof for today's metro sexual male; shaving creams, colognes, soaps, clothes, shoes, hair and skin products being the order of the day. Gadgets and gizmos follow close by . These products depended on varied ideas to be marketed which gave consumption and masculinity a massive push towards an upheaval in the British society. It soon led to consumer identities being arranged and expanded at a spiraling recourse towards the male species. Figure 1.Men's Perfumes are Quite the Rage http://www.strawberrynet.com/images/products/00763331005.jpgwww.strawberrynet.com The long held assumption that consumption is a feminine venture has been proved wrong by these men centric malls and retail stores. Author Christopher Breward posits that male fashion in Britain gave a creative lend and space for masculine innovation during the late- Victorian era, in his book, The Hidden Consumer: Masculinities, Fashion and City Life. Hence, this process put men as consumers at the forefront of modernization at the beginning of the twentieth century itself. This also invalidates the idea that Englishmen of the late Victorian times agreed with the concept of a "Great Masculine Renunciation" (Breward 1) of style and fashion as many have suggested. Most material evidence of increasing male fashion consciousness are found in stores, malls, novels, films, photographs, magazines, trade directories etc. Breward's book also provides evidence that male fashion ability was conspicuous from the Victorian times itself, with these very proofs he provides in the form photographs and diaries. Clothing and fashion accessories were available to men even then but since the dominant wisdom was patriarchal, the opposite has been proved. By the help of those photographs and even songs, he posits to examine how many London and Manchester working class gangs utilized fashion to pose different from the rest of the gangs

Great Expectation Essay Example for Free

Great Expectation Essay Compare the filming techniques used in Pips first meeting with Miss Havisham with two adaptations of Charles Dickenss Great Expectations  The two film clips that this essay will be based on, and comparing, is a version by Julian Jarrold which appeared on TV screens in 1999 and a much older cinema appearance by David Lean from 1946. The first noticeable difference is that the earlier film is played in black and white and therefore has certain lighting limitations and, as a result of technological disadvantages, has limited camera shot availability. However, there are a number of useful factors available for analysis. Both films attempt to build up a sense of mystery and increasing tension all the way through the scenes and the task in hand is to focus in on all the different types of filming techniques used to do so. On the whole, the 1999 version is darker than the 1946 edition and this increases the tension factor. Each scene takes us from Pip entering Miss Havishams room to when he leaves and incorporates all of the insults and belittling from Miss Havisham and Estella, although even this is played differently in the two films; David Lean makes very obvious insults as though Estella is actually telling him he is lower than her yet in Jarrolds version Estella either insults Pip to Miss Havisham or to herself in an undertone. There are six main techniques used by each director which this essay will analyse, they are: shot types and framing-how each camera shot affects the mood of the scene, camera angles and lens movement-how the camera is positioned and what bearing that has on the scene, editing, music and sound effects-the backing sounds and its effect on the viewer, costumes-what each actor is wearing and what it does for the characters personality/appearance, lighting and visual effects-how the light and dark areas of the screen portray different ideas. Firstly, there are a few similarities between both scenes Shot types and framing/Camera angles and lens movements/Editing. The first is that both incorporate a long shot as Pip enters to show the huge room in front of him and show that this room really is intimidating as Pip looks tiny compared to the huge open space ahead. Secondly, both films show Pips reaction as a close up shot after the insults from Estella, this gives the viewer a real sense of pity for Pip and shows us what exactly is going through his mind at the time. The final similarity is as the game of cards unfolds, both films fade into the game to show a passing of time and both use an extreme close up to show us what is happening and, Miss Havisham is sat high on a chair in the middle, with Pip and Estella on the floor either side, with a medium shot, making Miss Havisham look very dominant and the children look almost patronised. The 1999 version has a lengthy amount of time when Pip is wondering around the room looking at certain objects, building up mystery and tension, which Jarrold misses out and skips from Pip entering straight to his conversation with Miss Havisham. This added section has a mixture of medium close ups, close ups and extreme close ups, but all the way through the shots are positioned a bit higher than Pip so it gives the audience the idea that somebody has a watchful eye on him, and this, to a certain extent, is almost creepy, certainly builds up mystery and also borderlines on scary. For example, when Pip is walking past the dummies the camera is high up so it is as though the viewers are looking through Miss Havishams eyes. The other main camera uses are when Pip sees Miss Havisham in the mirror, she looks virtually ghost like and it is almost scary, but just before she appears, its looks again as though he is being watched, and as Miss Havisham waves her arm to tell Pip to play, there is a close up of her arm to show her dominance and shortly after a close up of Pips face to show the confused reaction. This section of the scene is very clever camera work by Jarrold, and really does freak the audience out. Both films use shot types, framing, camera angles, lens movement and editing differently, but there a number of specific differences between the two. When the two films join back up, there are many different camera uses and consequences of such. In the 1946 version, there is a long shot as Pip walks up to Miss Havisham and a medium close up as they talk to one-another and as Pip advances further, the camera moves in an arc to keep him and Miss Havisham on the picture at the same time. When they are closer, it allows an even closer shot than before of their faces and therefore portrays both expressions and the reactions to each others expressions individually. An addition to this version of Great Expectations is how the camera zooms in on a cobweb covered bible to show the lost faith of Miss Havisham, and explain to the audience that something terrible has happened earlier in her life to make her do so. A two shot of Miss Havisham and Pip is on screen, and, as Estella joins the camera slides horizontally to follow her in. As Estella whispers in Miss Havishams ear there is a two shot to portray Miss Havishams expression. When Miss Havisham asks Pip his opinion of Estella he is made to whisper it in her ear but as he does so there is a medium close up showing all three expressions at the same time, i.e. Pips horror as Miss Havisham tells Estella what he has just said and Estellas delight of hearing such approving words. As Pip approaches the gate to go home, there is another fade in to show more time has passed by. This can be compared with the 1999 version which has a much briefer conversation between Pip and Miss Havisham as much time is spent when Pip walks around, but, when Pip is whispering about Estella, the camera zooms in on Estellas face to show her reaction after being praised by Pip. Finally, when Pip and Miss Havisham are talking, there is a two shot of them to show each reaction as each person says something.

History of US Immigration Laws

History of US Immigration Laws The first law that dealt with how someone attained citizenship was the Naturalization Act of 1790.  This act created a standard way on how naturalization and residency issues were to be handled for new citizenship candidates.  This new law required that applicants to live in the United States for at least two years and in their state of residence for one year before they could apply for citizenship.   The first attempt by the U.S. government to bar or limit immigration from certain countries was the Chinese exclusion law.  This law barred immigration of Chinese an also individuals â€Å"convicted of political offenses, lunatics, idiots, and persons likely to become public charges. The U.S. government needed a department that could handle all issues dealing with immigration and in 1891, the Bureau of Immigration was established under the Treasury Department where they managed all immigration laws. In 1906, the newly created Bureau of Immigration added â€Å"knowledge of English† as a requirement for naturalization. As time passed, additional restrictions were placed on immigrants coming to America. There were medical conditions such as mental and physical defects.      In the early 1920’s, we saw the first inclusion of numeric limits. The immigration law set annual quotas based on the nationality of the immigrants. During this same period, the quota system was enacted which worked like the numeric limits by limiting immigrants based on their country of origin. The quota law also established the Border Patrol. In 1948, the refugee provision was enacted to admit individuals fleeing persecution to enter the U.S. and during the first two years of this act, 205,000 refugees were admitted to the U.S.  Although the U.S. was creating provisions to allow certain individuals into the country, they also enacted exclusions and deportations laws to remove communist subversives.     In 1952, the immigration system went through major changes.  The Immigration and Nationality Act created and it confirmed the quota system, restricted the amount of immigrants coming from the Eastern Hemisphere and leaving the Western Hemisphere without restrictions.  It also created preferences for skilled workers and placed tighter screening and security procedures. The next big change to the immigration system came in 1965 when the Immigration and Nationality Act was created.  This act eliminated the quota systems, but kept restrictions on how Many people could immigrate to the U.S. from certain parts of the world. Under President Ronald Reagan, the Immigration Reform and Control Act was established to legalize aliens who were unlawfully in the U.S. since January 1, 1982.  It also created penalties for employers who hired illegal aliens and created an immigration classification for agricultural workers.  Lastly, if created a visa waiver program to admit nonimmigrants without visas. After the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, the Homeland Security Act was created and this newly created department would be responsible for immigration adjudication and enforcement.  And in 2005, the Real ID Act was established to standardize the way state driver’s and documents dealing with identity are issued. The main reason for this new Act deals with restricting terrorist from illegally obtaining governmental identification. The United States was formed by immigrants who came here looking for a better way of life. The first immigrants came to America over 12,000 years ago. These immigrants were indigenous people who crossed over the ice bridge between Asia and America. The French and Spanish made their way over and established camps in the 15th century. The reason for migration to America was for economic opportunity. Coming to America brought the potential of cheap land and in addition to this, many farmers, craftsmen, fishermen all found work in this new land. â€Å"Independence of resources (the colonies produced nearly everything they needed) and trade among the colonies and with the indigenous peoples led to prosperity.† Religious groups such as the Quakers, Pilgrims, Protestants came to America to get away from the persecution in Europe. They were able to setup their religious camps without the fear of government intrusion.  They could practice and live according to their religious beliefs which was not possible in Europe. With the large number of faiths now found in the U.S., we can attribute this to the early immigrants. Slavery was another way of immigration, although inhumane, this was part of America’s history. Many landowners did not have enough labor to work their fields and they turned to the â€Å"Transatlantic Slave Trade† to brings slaves over to work their fields. This trade route brought a constant flow of slaves to America and did not stop for many decades. If we go back to 1790 to look at the Naturalization Act, President George Washington wanted to limit naturalization to white people of â€Å"good moral character†. I can only assume that a slave owner would be able to acquired their naturalization in America.  If you were an African (slave) or indigenous person you would have been barred from becoming a U.S. citizen. In the 1880’s, due to new technological advances, immigration increase due to steam ocean lines making the crossing easier and cheaper. The new technology in the Industrial Revolution created a surplus of labor which helped with the migration to America. Many Italians, Greeks and Eastern Europeans made the voyage to America looking for labor. This group of immigrants made up the majority of people migrating between 1880 and 1930. Now if we look at present day immigration issues, we will see that Donald Trump has created an executive order that bans travelers coming from â€Å"seven Muslim majority countries†.  These immigration plans Mr. Trump wants to put in action are way more restrictive than what of presidents have done.  Some see these actions by the president similar to what happened in the early 20th century when numerous laws were passed to reduce the number of immigrants. The immigrants of that time had a saying â€Å"America beckons, but Americans repel.† What they meant by that is that, on the one hand, the United States had tremendous employment opportunities for them, possibilities of education for their children, freedom of religion, political freedoms that they couldn’t enjoy in their home countries. And yet at the same time, the foreign-born represented a threat to some parts of the population.† Over the decades, these has always been restrictions placed on immigration and American citizens have been told that it was done in the name of national security and to protect our economy. Donald Trump used these same arguments during his run for the presidency.   We can now take a look at some facts about legal and illegal immigration into the United States.  There has been a significant decline in the number of undocumented Mexicans coming to the United States. There are more Mexicans returning to their home than those entering. This change is due to border enforcement, weak housing construction market, and increase number of deportations.  Some lawmakers have advocated a â€Å"self-deportation† policy. This policy does not have any effect of illegals living in the country because they have been in the United States for decades and have family with children and will not uproot and move to a worse situation.  If an undocumented immigrant finds himself in an unfriendly state, they would relocate to a friendlier state. The Center for American Progress believes that the United States could increase their gross domestic product by $1.5 trillion over 10 years if immigration reform would be done in Congress to address the large number of undocumented immigrants living here. In addition, the state and local taxes could be close to $11.2 billion in one fiscal year.  In June 2012, Barack Obama announced the DREAM Act which would let young undocumented aliens apply for deferred action, which would provide them with protection from deportation and giving them the authorization to work legally.  The Yale Law Journal stated, â€Å"Presidential policymaking has always provoked political controversy, at least as much because of deep ideological disagreements over immigration policy as because of the perception it creates of an aggressive or boundless Executive.†Ã‚   The Secure Communities Program was strongly enforced and it led to the deportation of over 1 million people.  The program worked with county jails to check the immigration status of all individuals brought into the county jails.  These are some states that do not want to participate because they believe â€Å"the program interferes with local policing priorities and inevitably leads to racial profiling.† References https://fairus.org/legislation/reports-and-analysis/history-of-us-immigration-laws https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/02/donald-trump-immigration/517119/ The Facts on Immigration Today https://www.yalelawjournal.org/article/the-president-and-immigration-law-redux https://fairus.org/legislation/reports-and-analysis/history-of-us-immigration-laws https://www.sutori.com/story/a-history-of-immigration-in-the-usa>https://www.sutori.com/story/a-history-of-immigration-in-the-usa

Important Of Sight For The Purpose Of Survival Biology Essay

Important Of Sight For The Purpose Of Survival Biology Essay The importance of sight has been one of the most taken for granted systems in the human body. Sight, like the other four senses, plays an important role in the survival of an individual. In primitive humans, a loss of vision would make predator avoidance and food gathering difficult. Hence, there is an evolutionary pressure to maintain vision even when the eye sustains injury. While the eye is highly developed, certain post trauma mechanisms have evolved in such a way that our visual axis will not be altered, which would normally lead to instant blindness. Damage done to any normal part of the body usually leads to some sort of immunological response, including inflammation caused by the lymphocytes. Due to the physiology of the ocular system of mammals, the cornea cannot sustain inflammation, which can lead to the changing of the visual axis, thus leading to blindness. In primitive man, blindness could potentially lead to the individuals death. In order to prevent this, certain immu nological responses are suppressed in the cornea, allowing vision to remain. Keratitis is the clinical diagnosis of inflammation of the cornea, which if left untreated, can lead to blindness of the patient. This paper will use the Darwinian Medical approach and the Adaptationist Program to discuss the implications of the suppressed immune response in development and treatment of keratitis and the various microbial and mechanical causes thereof. In order to understand topics covered in this paper, a basic explanation of structures of the eye, their functions, as well as mechanisms and associated pathogens must be explained. Keep in mind, what will be mentioned is a buildup all to save the visual axis. The main anatomical focuses of the eye for this paper are the cornea and the anterior chamber. Concluding this will be a brief description of Darwinian Medicine and the Adaptationist Program. The cornea has two main functions and is composed of five layers. It acts as a protective membrane for the eye. The five layers consist of the following, in order from anterior to posterior, an external stratified squamous epithelium, an anterior limiting membrane (Bowmans membrane, the basement membrane o the stratified epithelium), the stroma, a posterior limiting membrane (Descemets membrane, the basement membrane of the endothelium), and an inner simple squamous endothelium. 1. The main functions of the cornea are to act as a protective membrane as well as to be the transparent window that allows light to enter through the eye to the retina. This unique transparency is due to the uniformity of the cell structure, being devoid of blood vessels, and being in a constant state of dehydration. If the epithelium is damaged, there is only a temporary regional build up of watery fluids in the stroma. However, if trauma is severe enough to expose any corneal layer below the epithelium, the cornea then becomes susceptible to infection of a variety of pathogens. These include, but are not limited to the following: bacteria, fungus, amoeba, and herpes virus.2. Without medical intervention, the basic stages of corneal infections are as followed: trauma, entrance of pathogen, inflammation of the cornea, ulceration, loss of vision, and even possibly loss of the eye. Located between the endothelium of the cornea and the iris, is a fluid filled cavity called the anterior chamber. The anterior chamber of the eyeball is filled with thick liquid-like substance called the aqueous humor. Its primary function is to maintain a normal intraocular pressure as well as provide nutrition for the tissues with no veins attached to them. In the anterior chamber, specifically the aqueous humor, there is a presence of a wide variety of immunoglobulins, as well as a wide variety of immunosuppressive substances such as transforming-growth-factor- Ã‚ ¢ and macrophage-migration-inhibitory-factor. A theory deemed Anterior-chamber associated immune deviation will be discussed later in this paper alongside with ocular-immune privilege. 3. The Darwinian Medical approach looks at both proximate, biological causes, as well as the ultimate, evolutionary causes to explain a disease or an immune function such as a fever. Ultimate causes are usually more complex in their explanations, which include defense, infection, novel environment, genes, design compromise, and evolutionary legacy all of which are evolutionary driven by four forces: natural selection, mutation, gene flow, and genetic drift. Evolutionary causes of an excessive and uncontrolled defense mechanism can affect the risk of the disease. Other risk factors include losing the evolutionary arms race, the preservation of an allele that is harmful, and the result of evolutionary constraints. While keratitis is classified as an infliction, it is actually an immune response related to the infiltration of a pathogen in the cornea. As stated above, keratitis is the inflammation of the cornea. Symptoms include mild to sever pain in the eye, redness of the eye, opaque cornea, photosensitivity, and tearing. Clinical diagnosis of keratitis is done through examination using a slit lamp and proper illumination, Fluorescein stain to detect superficial corneal lesions, and laboratory examinations of corneal scrapings to detect pathogens. 2. Inflammation caused by pathogens is potentially harmful leading up to corneal ulceration, loss of the visual axis, and potentially blindness. The inflammation however is the lesser of two evils, for without having this immune response, the sight of the infected would be doomed to blindness. While this is true, an eyes last-ditch effort to remove the pathogen leads to over-inflammation and ulceration of the cornea. At that point, unless a corneal transplant is done alongside with medicine to kill the pathogen, the eye has given up and the host goes blind. To regulate inflammation and prevent ulceration, it has been hypothesized that there is design compromise called ocular immune privilege in the eye that regulates inflammation up to a certain point. This will be discussed later. The epidemiological qualities of keratitis fluctuate etiologically as well as geographically. Keratitis has risen in both developing countries as well as modernized countries, afflicting people worldwide with no restrictions based on economic status. Thousands of patients each year are diagnosed with some form of pathogenic keratitis, having each pathogen found in particular environments found worldwide. Anyone involved in agriculture is usually at risk for fungal keratitis. Anyone wearing contacts are at an even higher risk for not only fungal keratitis, but also bacterial and amoeba induced keratitis. However, anyone who has any sort of ocular trauma led to lesions in the cornea is susceptible to any form of microbial keratitis. 2. The evolutionary legacy of ocular immune privilege is the result of evolutionary constraints and design compromises. In order to preserve the function of the eye, inflammation is regulated by the hosts adaptive immunity, specifically called ocular immune privilege. Immune privilege has been recognized in only three organs; the testes and ovaries, the brain, and the eye. 5. Coincidentally, these are some of the most important organs in the body related to survival and spreading of ones genome. Adaptive immunity is compromised of lymphocytes that throughout life generate unique receptor molecules that recognize with extraordinary specificity molecules expressed by invading pathogens. 3. (pg 11). It is important to understand this concept to elucidate the mechanisms of ocular immune privilege and ACAID. Ocular Immune privilege was first described about 130 years ago. However, its importance was not recognized until the early 1940s by P.B. Medawar and his colleagues. During the 1970s, it was discovered that ocular immune privilege was caused by anatomical, physiological, and immunoregulatory processes, which prevent the introduction and expression of immune-mediated inflammation. Many ophthalmological researchers agree that ocular immune privilege is an adaptation for reducing immune-mediated injury to ocular cells that have limited or no capacity for regeneration.6. The three major mechanisms of ocular immune privilege are as followed: (1) there are anatomical, cellular, and molecular barriers in the eye; (2) eye-derived immunological tolerance (ACAID); and (3) immune suppressive microenvironment in the eye. 5. Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation, or ACAID, is directly related to the ocular immune privilege theory. ACAID is characterized by impaired antigen-specific delayed -type hypersensitivity and reduced production of complement fixing antibodies. 3. It is an observable fact that allows the antibody response but not the cellular responses mentioned above. 5. The discovery happened when there was a prolonged survival of genetically different transplanted tissue survived in the anterior chamber of the eye. The failure of the immune system to bring forth an immunological response composes the characteristics of immune privilege. This is the reason why corneal transplants are one of the most successful, and least rejected tissue transplant clinically practices. Most tissue transplants are rejected due to inflammation however, the cornea has a weaker immune response caused by low antigenicity, the difference between corneal versus other tissue grafts. 7. The mechanisms of ACAID involve both the eye and the spleen. Transforming Growth factor TGF- Ã‚ ¢2 and thrombospondind TSP-1 located in the anterior chamber are involved in the initiation of mediation of ACAID. Through this, there is an attraction of regionally located natural killer T cells, which bind to CDQd molecules to present the antigens. When these cells come in contact with marginal zone B cells, clusters are formed which then differentiate into ACAID-inducing regulatory T cells. 5. A recent discovery made by Molly E. Skelsy and colleagues, concluded that  Ã‚ Ã‚ ¤ T cells are needed for ocular immune privilege and corneal graft survival. The study used mice treated with anti- Ã‚ Ã‚ ¤ Ab failed to develop ACAID concluding the injection of spleen cells. It was concluded that these T cells were required for the creation of regulatory T cells. By blocking the creation of  Ã‚ Ã‚ ¤ T cells, Skelsey showed that there was a profound increase in corneal transplant reje ctions. 8. Another recent discovery was that thymocytes, cells created by thymus that generate into T lymphocytes, are also necessary for the induction of ACAID. Thus the sustainment of immune privilege in the eye is done through the mutual aid of various cells from organs other than the eye itself. 5. The adaptive immunity is expressed in the form of humoral immunity mediated by antibodies produced by B lympocytes, and in the form of cellular immunity mediated by T lymphocytes. 3. (pg 15) Clearly, ocular immune privilege isnt something that just arose out of nowhere. It has been an evolutionary legacy, because whatever beneficial implications it had, leading up to ACAID, must have been immediately beneficial for it to exist throughout the evolution of many mammals such as humans and even mice. In 2008, Xiaoyong Yuan and colleagues did a study to compare the gene expression patterns in uninfected and fungus-infected mouse corneas at the onset of Candida albicans fungal keratitis. Candida ablican related corneal infections cause an inflammatory response, which has been known to permanently impair vision in half of all eyes affected, including those with therapy. Infected eyes were observed and corneal transcriptomes were categorized to suggest pathways contributing to corneal inflammation during Candida related keratitis. Through the use of gene microarray, the hosts gene expression during the early stages of this keratitis was also observed in mouse models. RNA isolated from the corneas one day after inoculation were used for reverse transcription of the RNA which would then be used in a quantitative real-time RT-PCR to multiply the amount of DNA created. Gene expression levels were calculated for both the experimental group and the control group. When comparing the two groups, a total of 45,102 genes were detected. Of those genes, 3,977, roughly 8.82% of the infected corneas were significantly regulated. Of those genes, 1987 were upregulated and 1,990 were down-regulated. A total of 3.71% were differentially expressed, 1,075 being upregulated and the other 597 being down-regulated. Specifically, there were 30 different genes being upreglated more than 100 fold. These genes were categorized as chemokines, metalloproteinases, interleukin cytokines, leukocyte chemotaxis and surface molecules, Ig recept ors, Neuro-hormone mediatiors and many others. Simply stated, these gene expressions suggest that microbial keratitis involves the synchrony of various host processes that affect inflammatory and immune responses, intercellular communication, and cellular metabolism in other words, ocular immune privilege and ACAID. 9. Keratitis is a microbial infliction occurring globally. Bacteria, parasites, virus, and fungus cause the four main microbial causes for infection. These microbes are currently winning the at arms race due to an increased virulence and re-infection after treatment. At the same time, because there have been changes in mans history, various novel environments have been associated with the etiology of all these infections. Looking at a study in a referral centre in South India from September 1999 through August 2002, MJ Bharathi and colleagues observed and calculated the statistics of keratitis in that referral centre. Of 3183 corneal scrapings evaluated, 1095(34.4%) were fungal related, 1043(32.77%) were bacterial related, 33(1.04%) were acanthamoeba related and 76(2.39) were both bacterial and fungal related. Of the 1043 bacterial related infections, the predominant isolated bacteria were Streptococcus. Males were 56.76% of cases and females were 43.24%, thus showing that sex doesnt af fect the infiltration rate. In the study, 60.2% patients were over the age of 50 were affected significantly more than patients under the age of 50. Roughly 16.97% of corneal injuries were due to soil/sand, compared to the 11.03% caused by other materials, showing a statistical significance between the two. Seasons also affected the rate of infections showing a lower incidence of bacterial keratitis from the months of June to September. 10. The epidemiology of bacterial keratitis varies based on geography. One could acquire keratitis from numerous gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria, such as Serratia, Pseudomonas, and Staphylococcus. Once the bacteria has touched base with the cornea, it colonizes the hosts cells by using adhesins at the surface of the epithelium. The adherence of these three bacteria to the corneal epithelium is significantly higher than any other bacteria, which explains their high frequency of isolation. Several bacteria have also displayed adhesins on pili and nonfimbriae structures to recognize carbohydrates on host cells. Recently, there have been emerging cases of resistance among pathogens, requiring the emersion of a stronger antibacterial to eradicate it. 11. The advent of contact lenses has created a novel environment for the infiltration of many bacterial pathogens. In the United States, there are approximately 25,000 cases of infectious keratitis annually. There are roughly 2-4 infections per 10,000 soft contact lenses users, and 10-20 infections per 10,000 extended-wear contact lenses users. 14. A study done by T. Bourcier and colleagues has identified predisposing factors of bacterial keratitis. After analyzing 300 cases, contacts were the main risk factor, occurring in 50.3% of the study group, with 83% of bacteria being gram positive, and 17% being gram negative. 12. Another study of a case report done by Konstantinos Tsaousis and colleagues concluded that the incidence of bacterial keratitis can be reduced by maintaining high standards of lens hygiene and following the recommended guidelines to safely wearing contacts. 13. In the past, fungal keratitis has been a major ophthalmological problem in the tropical regions of the world. 16. Of all of the fungus related to keratitis, there are two classifications of infiltrates yeast and filamentous fungi. The three main isolates of fungus in fungal keratitis are Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Candida. While the most common of isolate reported has been Aspergillus, ranging from 27-64%, Fusarium comes to a close second (6-32%). Like bacterial keratitis, contact lenses wearers are at a higher risk of fungal infection. In recent news, on March 8, 2006, the CDC began an investigation of the use of Bausch Lomb ReNu contact lens solution. The solution had been related to a series of 130 confirmed cases of Fusarium Keratitis, which resulted in 37 corneal transplant surgeries. Most fungal related incidences however are usually related to agriculture. Since fungus are found in soil and on plants, the probability of infection after ocular trauma increases if one is tendi ng to their crops. Once the fungus accesses the corneal stroma, they multiply and cause tissue necrosis leading to the onset of keratitis and the loss of stromal opacity. 15. Acanthamoeba related keratitis is usually derived from standing water or mud, with an increased risk in contact users. Incidence per million contact lens users includes 333 in Hong Kong, 1 in USA and 149 in Scotland 14. The abnormally high incidence in Scotland is due to the fact that there are many water towers, holding standing water, a novel environment for the acanthamoeba. Survival in the wild is not only based on ones ability to escape a predator, but also ones ability to detect the predator. The up keeping the visual axis is one of the most important abilities of the eyes immune abilities for without sight, many mammals would be at disadvantage. Keratitis, the inflammation of the cornea, has probably been around since the dawn of man, and more specifically, the dawn of agriculture. If injury to the eye were to be sustained, the cornea would become inflamed. Normally, corneal cellular layers would be impaired, leading to a loss of the visual axis. However, it has been observed that there is a key mechanism that has developed over time in order to save ones sight. There is an ocular immune privilege, considered to be an evolutionary legacy as well as a design compromise, in the anterior chamber of the eye, which limits certain immune functions to prevent the loss of vision. The microbial pathogens cause these infections ranges from bacterial, to funga l, viral, and amoebic have been detected around the world, causing countless keratitis infections. Novel environments, such as contact lenses, have created the perfect environment for these pathogens to culture on especially if proper care protocols havent been taken. While most of these infections are treatable, in the long term, the microbes are winning the at arms race. With increase resistance to anti-bacterials/fungals, pathogens will only become more virulent. From an epidemiological standpoint, microbial keratitis poses a serious threat for future infected patients, occurring world-wide. Mescher, Anthony L. PhD. (2010). Junqueiras Basic Histology: Text Atlas, 12e. In accessmedicine. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=6183284searchStr=cornea#6183284. Biswell, Roderick MD. (2008). Vaughan Asburys General Ophthalmology, 17e. In accessmedicine. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=3090961searchStr=cornea#3090961. Streilein, J.W. et al, 1999: Immune Response and the Eye. Karger, Switzerland Nesse, R. M. and Williams, G.C. 1994: p.x, Why We Get Sick. The New Science of Darwinian Medicine, Vintage, New York Junko Hori. (July 16, 2008). Mechanisms of immune privilege in the anterior segment of the eye: what we learn from corneal transplantation. In PubMed Central Journal List. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2802514/?tool=pubmed. Niederkorn, Jerry Y. PhD, Streilein, Joan. PhD. (January 2010). History and Physiology of Immune Privilege. In Informa healthcare. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/09273940903564766. Junko Hori, MD, PhD1, Vega, Jose L. MD, PhD2, Sharmila Masli, PhD3. (October 2010). Review of Ocular Immune Privilege in the Year 2010: Modifying the Immune Privilege of the Eye. In Informa healthcare. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/09273948.2010.512696. Skelsey, Molly E., Mellon, Jessamee., Niederkorn, Jerry Y. . (2001). {{gamma}}{{delta}}T Cells Are Needed for Ocular Immune Privilege and Corneal Graft Survival. In The Journal of Immunology. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://www.jimmunol.org/cgi/reprint/166/7/4327. Xiaoyong Yuan, Mitchell, Bradley M., and Wilhelmus, Kirk R. (September 18, 2008). Gene profiling and signaling pathways of Candida albicans keratitis. In PubMed Central Journal List. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2562425/. Bharathi MJ, Ramakrishnan R, Vasu S, Meenakshi R, Shivkumar C, Palaniappan R. Epidemiology of bacterial keratitis in a referral centre in South India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2003;21:239-45 OBrien, T P . (February 2003). Management of bacterial keratitis: beyond exorcism towards consideration of organism and host factors. In Cambridge Ophthalmological Symposium. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://www.nature.com/eye/journal/v17/n8/full/6700635a.html. Bourcier T, Thomas F, Borderie V, Chaumeil C, Laroche L . (January 10, 2003). Bacterial keratitis: predisposing factors, clinical and microbiological review of 300 cases. In PubMed Central Journal List. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1771775/?tool=pubmed. Tsaousis K.T., Sakkias G., Kozeis N., Tahiaos P. . (July 19, 2010). A Management Dilemma: Infectious Keratitis Associated with Soft Contact Lens Use and Dubious Treatment Compliance. In PubMed Central Journal List. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2935133/?tool=pubmed. Trevor John Mills, MD, MPH. (December 2, 2009). Corneal Ulceration and Ulcerative Keratitis. In Emedicine from WebMD. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/798100-overview. Daljit Singh, MBBS, MS, DSc. (June 12, 2008). Keratitis, Fungal. In Emedicine from WebMD. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1194167-overview. Gopinathan, Usha Ph.D et al . (August 2002). The Epidemiological Features and Laboratory Results of Fungal Keratitis: A 10-Year Review at a Referral Eye Care Center in South India. In Cornea, The Journal of Cornea and External Disease. Retrieved 10/1/10, from http://journals.lww.com/corneajrnl/Abstract/2002/08000/The_Epidemiological_Features_and_Laboratory.4.aspx.

injection molding :: essays research papers

Wilbert Plastic Services In the early days manufacturers came to us for a specific thermoformed or injection molded part or parts for a product they were making. Over the years we noticed that, more and more, they were coming to us for entire subassemblies and more complex parts that might incorporate both thermoformed and injection molded parts. Based on that experience, and our knowledge of the pressures that manufacturers are under to increase efficiency and reduce cost, it became obvious to us that we needed to provide a wider array of services to help our customers increase their efficiencies, reduce their overall costs and maximize their ROI on each project, part or component. This vision has lead us to add assembly, decorating (in and post mold), reusable packaging, RFID and much more to our capabilities. We believe that Lower Overall Customer Cost comes from an innovative, total solution made up of customer focused, operational excellence. By combining quality production and secondary services with design expertise, supply chain management, and world class logistics WPS has been able to help our customers find new ways to lower their costs and improve profitability. Injection Molding is the process of forcing melted thermo plastic into a mold cavity. Once the plastic has cooled, the part can be ejected. The first injection molding machines were built in the 1930's. There are six major steps in the injection molding process: Clamping An injection molding machine consists of three basic parts; the mold, the clamping unit, and the injection unit or units. The clamping unit holds the halves of the mold under pressure during the injection and cooling. Injection During the injection phase, plastic material, usually in the form of pellets, are pulled from a hopper on top of the injection unit. The pellets feed into the cylinder where they are heated until they reach molten form. Within the heating cylinder there is a motorized screw that mixes the molten pellets and forces them to the end of the cylinder. Once enough material has accumulated in front of the screw, the injection process begins. The molten plastic is inserted into the mold through a sprue, while the pressure and speed are controlled by the screw or in some cases a ram. Dwelling The dwelling phase consists of a pause in the injection process. The molten plastic has been injected into the mold and the pressure is applied to make sure all mold cavities are filled. injection molding :: essays research papers Wilbert Plastic Services In the early days manufacturers came to us for a specific thermoformed or injection molded part or parts for a product they were making. Over the years we noticed that, more and more, they were coming to us for entire subassemblies and more complex parts that might incorporate both thermoformed and injection molded parts. Based on that experience, and our knowledge of the pressures that manufacturers are under to increase efficiency and reduce cost, it became obvious to us that we needed to provide a wider array of services to help our customers increase their efficiencies, reduce their overall costs and maximize their ROI on each project, part or component. This vision has lead us to add assembly, decorating (in and post mold), reusable packaging, RFID and much more to our capabilities. We believe that Lower Overall Customer Cost comes from an innovative, total solution made up of customer focused, operational excellence. By combining quality production and secondary services with design expertise, supply chain management, and world class logistics WPS has been able to help our customers find new ways to lower their costs and improve profitability. Injection Molding is the process of forcing melted thermo plastic into a mold cavity. Once the plastic has cooled, the part can be ejected. The first injection molding machines were built in the 1930's. There are six major steps in the injection molding process: Clamping An injection molding machine consists of three basic parts; the mold, the clamping unit, and the injection unit or units. The clamping unit holds the halves of the mold under pressure during the injection and cooling. Injection During the injection phase, plastic material, usually in the form of pellets, are pulled from a hopper on top of the injection unit. The pellets feed into the cylinder where they are heated until they reach molten form. Within the heating cylinder there is a motorized screw that mixes the molten pellets and forces them to the end of the cylinder. Once enough material has accumulated in front of the screw, the injection process begins. The molten plastic is inserted into the mold through a sprue, while the pressure and speed are controlled by the screw or in some cases a ram. Dwelling The dwelling phase consists of a pause in the injection process. The molten plastic has been injected into the mold and the pressure is applied to make sure all mold cavities are filled.

Essay --

Intercultural relationships are sites where cultural differences, power, privilege, and positionality are negotiated, translated, and converted. Intercultural relationships explain the action of two cultures intermingling with each other. Cultural appropriation is a form of intercultural interaction that involves a person using someone else’s culture in his or her own way. Cultural appropriation often results in the commodification, decontextualizing, depoliticizing, and the erasure of traditions and cultural significance. It is simply not enough to state that the political context of cultural symbols is important. When people use cultural symbols out of historical context it makes cultural traditions trivial. The â€Å"unquestioned sense of entitlement that white Americans display towards the artifacts and rituals of people of color exists too. All â€Å"appropriation† is not merely an example of cultural sharing, an exchange between friends that takes place on a level playing field† (Bedi). One type of cultural appropriation is â€Å"culture jamming†, it is a term usually used to engage in opposition to an understood appropriation of public space, or as a reaction against social conformity. While most culture jamming focuses on critiquing political or advertising messages, some people use this tactic in a more positive, musical form of jamming that brings together artists and activists to create new forms of cultural production. These cultural interactions are effected by many influences. Cultural space for example influences the mindset of both others and us. Cultural space is the â€Å"communicative practice that construct meanings in, through and about particular places† (Sorrells). Cultural space is what determines how you dress in a r... ...fferent music and surrounding cultures. All of the members within the group had different perspectives allowed for framing, inquiry, and position. We all engrossed ourselves in dialogue and found that we understood the appeal for each music type. This activity promotes an emphasis on intercultural praxis to create not only an environment for co-existence, but also promote multiculturalism. Multiculturalism includes action. Action, is the last step of intercultural praxis, it uses all of the other steps to form a clear understanding of communication to actually change the world we live in. The final action for this assignment was a fun activity to promote understanding and develop communication skills. Intercultural praxis helps people of different backgrounds and value systems to understand through communication how to navigate challenging everyday conflicts.

Canterbury Tales The Woman of Bath Essay -- essays papers

Canterbury Tales The Woman of Bath The Canterbury Tales, by Geoffrey Chaucer, is a collection of stories in a frame story, between 1387 and 1400. It is the story of a group of thirty people who travel as pilgrims to Canterbury to visit the shrine of Thomas Beckett. The pilgrims, who come from all classes of society, tell stories to each other to kill time while they travel to Canterbury. In the Prologue, it states Chaucer intended that each pilgrim should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and two tales on the way back. He died before he had a chance to finish his project; however, he did manage to complete twenty-four of the tales including the one supposedly told by the Woman of Bath. The rather promiscuous Woman of Bath told an interesting story which was in keeping with her unique personality. The lewd Woman of Bath was a very intricate cloth-maker who led a very interesting life. She was a member of the urban society and was very successful in her endeavors. She was considered attractive, she had big hips, long hair, gapped teeth, and she was somewhat deaf. She wore tight clothes, a red scarf on her head, red fishnet stockings, and soft new shoes. All of these things, along with the fact that she was very well traveled indicated that she was rather wealthy. The Woman of Bath had five husbands and many more love affairs. Chaucer states that she knows how to remedy love’s problems, an art at which she knew the oldest dances. The Woman of Bath was quit...

In the Mood for Love Essay

The quote by the author Drucker is a prime example of how non-verbal communication is most of the time more important than the actual answer itself. Body language is an essential element of everyday interaction amongst people. Based on simple hand gestures or a flicker of a smile, one can instantly change the syntax or structural meaning of a sentence. This change could turn a negative sentence into a positive outcome. Throughout the history of cinema body language is a tool that is applied to every movie. Movies by their very nature started of as any elaborate ploy on body language. The silent film era relies on nonverbal communication that is accompanied by visual elements and implanting a specific score in order to suspend disbelief that the audience is sitting an in a dark room watching various shades of light and color onto a screen. The movie In the Mood for Love directed by Kar Wai Wong is a prime example of how the characterization and plot of a movie doesn’t need to revolve around the construction of dialogue between the protagonist and other characters in the movie. To start off I would like to say the cinematographer Christopher Doyle and Pin Bing Lee did a great job in presenting a somewhat stale plot line into a visual masterpiece. There are many examples, of how the cinematography of this movie enables the audience to visualize the budding of a love that happened out of pain, spite, and loneliness. I would like to analyze the cinematography of a scene in order to bring more clarity to how body language is more important. The first scene I would like to examine is in the first act of the movie. Keep in mind during this scene there is no dialogue just a musical score. The faces of the two adulteresses remain obscured throughout the scene. Fade from black no picture in your minds eye the wife Su Li-Zhen is in her apartment with her husband while everyone is playing Mahjong. She takes the chair behind her husband and sits there. When she leaves for a brief instance to let another woman by which is the wife of Mr. Chow. Chow then proceeds to take his queue and exit the room looking troubled and deep in thought walks by and slightly grazes Mrs. Li-Zhen. Li-Zhen then goes to sit down next to her husband and puts her arm on his shoulder. This scene is jam-packed full of visual elements that make this scene very compelling and drives the movie forward with such palpable tension. First, the wife of Mr. Chow is dressed in a vibrant red dress that really pops out from all the dull whites and browns that are present in on the screen. This vibrancy of color and by the nature of all the skin that is revealed above her neck alludes to a characterization that is more sexual, more â€Å"desirable† in comparison to Mrs. Li-Zhen. She is wearing a dull white dressed that is cut in a more traditional and plain way. By the nature of the fabric and patterns on the dress it looks like she is blending in more than standing out. This direct comparison is between the mise en scene of the costuming foreshadows that the wife Mrs. Li-Zhen will become less desirable over time and this will present the problem of some kind of cheating. Also during this scene the very body language present between the two women towards Mr. Li-Zhen is very different. The wife of this man is sitting behind her husband she seems reluctant in showing her affections towards him. She doesn’t really act like they are together she only looks over his shoulder. The camera movement at this scene is very important when the wife walks into the room the camera pans out back to the doorway. Then, The adulteress wife walks from off the screen through the doorway. At this point the camera pans in. The woman in red then proceeds to walk in between the married couple sitting down, and drapes her arms across Mr. Chows back. Mrs. Li-Zhen gets up puts on an insincere smile and backs against the wall. The woman in red seems to push the faithful wife away. This scene is a metaphor down to a tee of what is happening to the Li-Zhen and Chows relationship. The initial distance between the first married couple shows that there is some discontent or rift between them. This body language is very subtle but its possible to see that they aren’t not entirely happy with each other. It’s not until she has her back against a wall and sees the discontent on Mr. Chow’s face do you really see the wife really warm up to her husband. The camera movement during this scene further supports my points on the relationship between the two couples. When the camera pans out it is signifying that even though Mrs. Li-Zhen is getting closer in reality she is quite distant from her husband. This distance is growing and impossible to reverse in this instance. This distance created by turning the shot from a medium, shot to a wide angle. Which sets up the next camera movement where Mrs. Chow comes from off the screen and the camera moves in and follows her as she makes her way towards MR. Li-Zhen. This shows that the there is a shift of desire going from the faithful wife to the new fling. This sexual shift is subtle but very evident once the adulteress pushes the faithful wife. The score during this scene is also very prominent during the entire movie. It is present every time we she a slight shift of the relationship status between the two couples. At first the music indicates that the physical, mental, and sexual attraction between the original couple is shifts towards a more negative outcome. During this scene the music is indicating that the once happy couples are now beginning to shift towards separation. The music cues as Mrs. Li-Zhen walks into the shot from off the screen. The tone and tempo of this piece directly correlates to the overall plot line of the film, and is key to this scene as well. The tone of the piece is a somber one; very little percussion is used in the score. There is a very prominent violin that is playing over other various strings. The tempo of this particular piece starts with slow staccato or â€Å"plucky strings† they start slow and there is able time between the notes to hears brief instance of silent. Then piece revs up to have a very mellow violin playing on top. The use of the tone in the piece reflects on the mood of the entire film and distress of the two that are faithful initially. The tempo of this piece shows that at first everything stress there is some kind of hidden element going on and then it quickens. The heartbreak comes, and now they have to live with it. As the movie progresses however the music becomes an indicator that new found couple having difficultly letting go, but they are making progress towards becoming whole again. When talking about this scene in particular the use of this music directly correlates to the action of what is going on in the scene. At the beginning of the piece the wife is walking into the room. This plucky string part signifies that there will be tension going on between Mrs. Li-Zhen and her husband. The violin is cued in as the camera movement stops and the adulteress wife walks onto the screen. The music is indicating that this woman spells trouble and she is bringing to the movie. Also, as the violin is playing the husband walks out of the room right after a brief pause between the violins solo. You hear a few plucks and silence of the violin at this instance. The silence of the violin signifies that he is not a problem but instead also in trouble from what is happening around him. He exits and the film cuts to the Li-Zhens being more affectionate, yet the sad music is still playing. This foreshadows that no matter what the relationship between these two couples is doomed even though the wife either remains ignorant or refuses to let go. At, which we find out later in the movie she tries to resist letting go the man she married because she cares so deeply for him. For example the original faithful protagonists are eating at a restaurant and both are trying to emulate the other’s old significant other. This movie very eloquently uses subtle metaphor through body language. The visual elements and the musical score help to strengthen the lack of dialogue in order to tell this story in a more compelling way. Body language is a necessary tool to understand in order to have a more in depth understanding of the characterization of the actors in well done films. Without strong body language is possible to sends confusing signals to everyone around you whether it be in the movies or in real life.

Analysis of “The Seduction”

The Seduction is a poem written by Eileen McCauley. It is about a young and vulnerable sixteen year old girl whose head is filled with thoughts about love and romance portrayed in teenage magazines. These fake ideals lead her to believe that a boy, whom she meets at a party, truly loves her, when really he is just getting her drunk so her resistance will be lower and she will give in to what he wants from her: sex. Three months later she discovers that she is pregnant, she blames teen magazines for filling her head with false ideal of romance.In the very first verse of the poem, the writer introduces the scene of the poem, â€Å"He led her to the quiet bricks of the Birkenhead docks, far past the silver stream of the traffic throughout the city, far from the blind windows of the tower blocks. † This tells us of how there is nobody around to witness what they do. It becomes clear to the reader at the beginning of the poem that he is trying to get her drunk, as when the poet is describing the moment they met, one of the first things he is doing is buying her drinks. We also see this at a later stage when they are at the docks. He handed her the vodka† – this quote proves that he is making an effort to try and get the girl drunk because the alcohol will affect her decisions and causes her to agree to things she normally wouldn’t. Also In the second verse, the boy mutters â€Å"little slag. †This shows us that the boy thinks very little of the girl and lacks respect for women. We then discover that the girl is under some sort of spell because as he talked about football, â€Å"she had nodded, quite enchanted† this shows us that she is keen to listen to what he has to say. With his eyes as blue as iodine† – the use of the word ‘iodine’ used to describe his eyes suggests that there is something dark about him as iodine is a dark blue/black acid. In the fifth stanza, the boy mentions that he goes down to the river when he should be in school or having dinner with â€Å"a bag of shimmering paint thinner. † This shows us that he doesn’t spend much, if any time in school and that he uses the paint thinner as a drug. If the girl was sober, this would be a clear sign to stay away from him but he has lowered her resistance by getting her drunk.We can tell that the girl is a young teenager who enjoys school and wants to do well as she talks about her education in an enthusiastic way. The beginning of the sixth stanza makes us realise how precocious this girl really is, â€Å"so she followed him there, all high white shoes, all wide blue eyes and bottles of vodka. † This sentence shows us that she is trying to grow up too fast because this is what the magazines made her believe was the right thing to do. The poets then says â€Å"then when he swiftly contrived to kiss her, his kiss was scented by Listerine† this tells us that he was prepared for what he wanted to do.Even though we realise that the girl is very precocious, we discover how immature she actually is as it says â€Å"she stifled a giggle, reminded of numerous stories from teenage magazines† this also tells us that she has read about moments like these but hasn’t experienced them until now. The next stanza begins with â€Å"When she discovers she was three months gone† this shows us that the poet has used euphemism to emphasise the harsh reality of what this girl is going through. And she ripped up all her My Guy and Jackie photo comics† I think she does this because the magazines are what filled her head with false ideals about what romance and love should be like. She is angry that the media lied to her and that’s why she ripped then all up. The next stanza then says â€Å"and on that day, she broke the heels of her high white shoes and flung them at the wall† she does this because they were the shoes she wore on the night of the part y to make her look and feel older.She doesn’t want them anymore as she realises that she doesn’t want to be older because of the massive problem that she is faced with. The eighth stanza is mainly telling us about what the magazines have told this girl about what her life should be like â€Å"full of glitzy fashion features and stories of love and romance, where strangers could lead you to bright new worlds, and how would you know if you never took a chance? † This reflects on the consequences of what she did last night and how the media made her think she should take a chance.The ninth stanza says â€Å"full of fresh fruit diets† this shows us that she won’t be able to try out any of these diets as she is now three months pregnant. â€Å"Now with a softly rounded belly, she was sickened every morning by stupid stupid promises, only tacitly made† This shows us that she is reminded every morning of the huge mistake that she made that night. A lso the word â€Å"stupid† is repeated twice, maybe to emphasise that she regrets her actions a lot.The poet then states in the ten and eleventh stanza the things that the girl would be missing out on. This reminds us that the girl is so young and is faced with problems that she shouldn’t have to face at that age. â€Å"With a glass of lager-shandy, on a carpeted floor† this sentence makes the fantasy of romance seem far better than what is really is. The use of the words â€Å"carpeted floor† makes it seem luxurious and â€Å"lager shandy† makes it seem much more innocent as it is a lighter drink than the vodka she drunk the night of the party.In the last few stanzas, the poet states things that the girl would rather do than become pregnant â€Å"But then again, better to be smoking scented drugs or festering, invisibly unemployed† This shows us that she is almost going into a state of depression. She then describes being ‘stuck in a feminine void’, which basically means accidentally becoming pregnant. In the very last stanza, it becomes clear to us that she is very ashamed of herself because the poet says â€Å"better to turn away, move away, fade away, than to have the neighbours whisper ‘you always looked the type. ’

Chapter Paper

Chapter III – Methodology A. Materials Materials| Quantity| Amount| Talbos ng Kamote (Ipomoea batatas) leaves| 5 – 10| -| Rubbing Alcohol| 1 bottle| P 15| Okra| 5| P 10| Lemon| 1| P 12| Recycled Bottle| 1| -| Bowl and spoon| 1| -| water| 1 glass| -| Container| 1| -| -| -| Total: P 37| B. Procedure Slice two Okras into 4 pieces. Put a glass of water and the okra into an empty container. Leave it for a day. After a day, squeeze the Okras and get its extract. Put it on the bowl. Get the seeds of the Okra using the spoon.After that, get the extract of the leaves by chopping the Talbos ng Kamote (Ipomoea batatas) leaves into smaller pieces and squeezing it. Mix it with the gel. Put a spoonful of Alcohol. And squeeze the lemon fruit for fragrance. Put all the mixed ingredients in to a bottle. Chapter V – Conclusion and Recommendations A. Conclusion The researchers established different facts that Antibacterial Herbal Hand Sanitizer can be an alternative for water and s oap in killing bacteria or germs in our hands.It is very effective in cleaning our hand. The researchers concluded that Talbos ng Kamote (Ipomoea batatas) can be used as the main ingredient in making an antibacterial herbal sanitizer, lemon fruit add fragrance in our output and with the help of rubbing alcohol. The researchers are very confident that the product became successful. B. Recommendations The researchers recommend you to make this hand sanitizer. This hand sanitizer is very useful to each one of us. This can help you to fight germs in your hands.The hand sanitizer is not hard to make. It is very handy and it can be an accessory to your bag. In analyzing the result that the researchers made, the researchers recommend you some instructions to come up with a better result. Lessen the rubbing alcohol and put more okra extract to make your sanitizer jelly. Make sure that the recycled bottles have been thoroughly cleaned in soapy water so that the other dirt are gone. This just looks better to have no mixture with old and new ones.

Cosmetic Dentistry

Cosmetic Dentistry This morning I woke up and looked in the mirror and noticed that my teeth were not as white as I like them to be. I think to myself, I need to call and make an appointment to get my teeth whitened with my dentist. Teeth whitening is an example of Cosmetic Dentistry. Cosmetic Dentistry is different than regular dentistry in the sense that regular dentistry deals with oral hygiene and the prevention, diagnosing and treating of any oral diseases. Cosmetic dentistry however focuses on improving a person’s teeth, smile, and mouth. General dentistry deals with what needs to be done whereas Cosmetic dentistry is what you desire to be done. Cosmetic dentistry takes a lot of extra time and special training on the materials used. So therefore only dentists who are truly passionate about improving the teeth and smile take the time and extra money to do it. Cosmetic dentistry can also be used to restore a cavity. This is because cavities are mostly fixed by digging out the debris and filling them with a material. There used to only be gold, amalgam and other dark materials that left visible spots on the teeth. Now they have things like porcelain that are closer of a match to your tooth color. This makes it cosmetic dentistry because of the tooth color match. People tend to use porcelain or composite in fillings that they get and they even have their present fillings filled with these resins. In this essay I will go into detail about three different treatments of Cosmetic dentistry. I will explain to you first about how to fix a chipped tooth with dental bonding. Then I will explain to you how to improve that not so beautiful smile to an extraordinary smile by the use of veneers. And last but definitely not least I will explain to you about teeth whitening and the great effects. So sit back and get ready to enjoy learning about three amazing things we have in this world to make us look and feel amazing. DENTAL BONDING Your riding your bike for a nice trail ride but its starting to get dark and you don’t notice the rock on the ground your about to hit. You Fly off your bike and hit your front teeth on the ground chipping both of your beautiful front teeth. How are you going to fix this? I have a solution. Dental bonding is a type of cosmetic dentistry that permanently attaches dental materials to the teeth by using adhesives and a special curing light. Dentists use tooth colored composite to restore chips or cracks. Also to fill cavities, close gaps between your teeth and repair worn down edges of your teeth. Dentists are the ones who do the direct composite bonding which means that the procedure is usually done in one dental visit. Dental bonding does not require any impressions or temporaries. First the dentist will place a plastic coating on the front of the teeth. Then they will place a bonding agent, colors it according to the color of your teeth, and shapes it. Then a light called the curing light is shined through the plastic that causes it to harden and makes the surface look shiny and polished. Then a thin layer of etch is placed on your teeth to make little fine holes in the enamel of your teeth. This is so the resin can stick to your teeth very well. Then many coats of composite resin are placed on your teeth and after each coat the curing light is used to harden that coat. Finally when the final cure is done, the tooth is sculpted to match the ones around it. The cost of dental bonding depends not only on the location, it can also depend on the bonding process and how small or big the procedure you had done was. The average cost of dental bonding is $300 to $600 dollars per tooth. Dental insurance sometimes covers the procedure depending on if it is used for structural purpose. Let’s say that you are a ex-smoker, and after 5 to 10 years of smoking your teeth are just not as white as you like them to be. An easy fix for your tooth discoloration are Veneers. Veneers commonly known as porcelain veneers are thin sheets (half a mm thick or about as thick as a fingernail) of tooth colored porcelain that cover the front and sides of your teeth. They are used to fixed severe discoloration, chips, and cracks. They are also to help fix the gaps in your teeth. The placement of veneers usually takes two appointments. At the first appointment your tooth is prepared. The dentist does this by removing a thin layer of the surface of your tooth (about 0. 5 mm) so that the veneer can fit on the tooth. Next a gingival retraction cord is placed so that the dentist can get a good impression. Then an impression is taken so that the Lab Tech can create your veneers. Since your teeth feel rough after this preparation, the dentist will usually place temporary veneers. If he doesn’t it is ok because they are not always needed. They are easier to stain while in this state though, so you should keep your teeth very clean. At the second appointment you will first have a try-on. The dentist will place a temporary bonding agent on your teeth and place the veneers on to see if the shape and color look good. If they do the dentist will then clean the veneers. A thin layer of acid etch is placed on the teeth to roughen the surface for a extra good hold. Then cement is placed on your teeth, followed by the veneer. Then the tooth is light cured and the cement dries and hardened within seconds. Finally the edges will be trimmed and the tooth will be polished. These veneers will provide you with a beautiful smile. Although veneers are amazing for smile improvement they are also a bit pricey. The type of veneers you get determines your price. Porcelain veneers are higher in price. They average at $925 to $2500 dollars per tooth but last for 15 to 20 years. Composite veneers average at about $250 to $1500 dollars per tooth, but only last 5 to 10 years. Dental insurance doesn’t cover veneers. TEETH WHiTENiNG If your teeth are looking yellow and you just want them white, you could get teeth whitening. Teeth whitening is the most common cosmetic dentistry procedure there is. There are many forms of teeth whitening. You could do an hour under a light in the dental office or use one of the at home teeth whitening kits or even over the counter whitening solutions. They all have effects though some work better or faster. In the office dental whitening procedure they start by first protecting your gums with a rubber dam. Then they apply a high concentrated peroxide gel. After applying the gel they put you under a light for 15-20 intervals for up to an hour but no longer than that. People with very high amounts of staining may have to return for a second time. The average cost for an in office whitening is $650 dollars. The at home whitening that the dentist may send you home with a lower concentrated peroxide gel that is placed in a custom tray that fits your teeth. It is left on for an hour at least but sometimes the dentist will tell you to leave it on overnight. It has the greatest effects but takes longer to achieve the whiteness you want. The average cost of the professional take home kits average at $100 to $400 dollars. The last kind of teeth whitening I am going to tell you about is over the counter whitening kits. These kits have the same kind of gel that the professional take home kits have but it is at a even lower concentration. They also have one size fits all trays, strips, or paint on gel. This may only whiten the anterior teeth because they are not custom fit trays. The average cost of over the counter whitening is $15 to $100 dollars. I have taken you through three amazing cosmetic dentistry procedures. Although they may be pricey they all have payment plans. So if you have a chipped tooth, remember there is dental bonding to fix it. Or if you have a smile that you want to add some beauty to that there are veneers. And the most popular of all if you have some yellow teeth you want to get rid of, there is teeth whitening you can turn to. Cosmetic dentistry is an amazing thing we have to improve your teeth and smile with.

The Impact of Private Education On Expatriate Teachers In Saudi Arabia Research Proposal

The Impact of Private Education On Expatriate Teachers In Saudi Arabia - Research Proposal Example The main objectives of this study are: to gauge the emotional, social and financial impact on the expatriate teachers of their jobs in private educational institutes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; to explore the difficulties that they may have faced due to the changed educational system; to assess if there has been any change in the teaching methods of the expatriate teachers, and if they intended to adapt the changes when they return to teaching in their native countries. The current study proposes to use a descriptive research method that helps in elaborating upon the existing state of affairs. This study is hoped to be designed so that the data collected is authentic and accurate. In order to ensure this, both the secondary data, via a literature review, and primary data, through a questionnaire are to be used. A rigid research design is to be adopted to reduce bias and improve reliability. For this a sample is to be selected on the basis of convenience sampling, and data collected via interview method using an open ended questionnaire. The data collection is qualitative in nature as the responses are proposed to be recorded by the researcher verbatim and later analyzed, again using a qualitative approach. The sample for the current research will be taken from among the expatriate teachers community living in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The teachers who are proposed to be included in the study would be from elementary schools, high schools and coll eges and would have spent between 1 to 5 years in Saudi Arabia.

How effective is terrorism legislation with regards to restraining Dissertation

How effective is terrorism legislation with regards to restraining terrorists - Dissertation Example Qualitative researchers: reject the idea that social sciences (such as education and training) can be studied with the same methods as the natural or physical sciences; feel that human behavior is always bound to the context in which it occurs; therefore, behavior must be studied holistically, in context, rather than being manipulated; employ an "insider's" perspective; this makes qualitative research an intensely personal and subjective style of research. Quantitative researcher: argues that both the natural and social sciences strive for testable and confirmable theories that explain phenomena by showing how they are derived from theoretical assumptions; reduces social reality to variables in the same manner as physical reality; attempt to tightly control the variable in question to see how other variables are influenced. (San Diego State University, 2006) As can be seen from the above descriptions, the sheer complexity of the situation regarding terrorism is most suited to one that sees "context" as everything, rejecting the idea that human relations can be simplified to a model as exists within the physical sciences. The "insider's" perspective is exactly the type that will allow for the most useful information to be gleaned. Viewing the situation of terrorism from an objective distance. will tend towards either of two equally undesirable ends: a conclusion of incomprehensibility or one that falls back on old stereotypes and clichs. Adopting the qualitative approach may not offer as easy cause and effect solutions to the question, but it will allow a far better exploration of what is actually occurring. The Definition of "Terrorism" and "Terrorist" The origins of the word "terrorist" are rather ironic. It seem as... This dissertation reveals that the simple, stark question remains as to whether a legislation could have stopped these young men planning and then implementing their bombings. Could any legislation have stopped them walking into that Underground station that morning? The answer is no. Many of the arguments that revolve around the issue of terrorism avoid the dilemma that is at the center of any free society’s reaction to those who want to destroy it. Namely, how far should a society go in giving up freedoms in order to protect them? Totalitarian countries tend to be remarkably free of terrorism because a police state does not allow such groups to even begin to form. If the choice is between living in a police state free of terrorism and living in a free society in which terrorism may occur, the vast majority of the British people (as in all free countries) will choose the latter. In conclusion, a free society and a democracy allow people to do and say almost anything as long as it does not directly harm anybody else. People have the privacy of their own homes to discuss what they will: if terrorism and its glories are one of those subjects there is nothing a free society can do about it. British people may move from house to house, street to street, city to city and even (within Europe) from country to country, without government intervention. One of the weaknesses that go along with the great strength of such a free society is that a terrorist may do the same thing.